Subject graphene addressed in our news and scientific and educational materials more than once – this material, which is a monatomic layer of carbon, is now considered by scientists and researchers as one of the possible candidates for the role of the foundation of micro-and nanoelectronics of the future. Contribute to this unique electronic properties of the material, in fact, very little change in the composition – the addition of one impurity atom in the cell of graphene (the so-called graphane) – dramatically changes its characteristics at opposite.
graphene-based engineers hope to create a highly productive integrated circuits, on the orders of superior modern silicon and germanium semiconductor devices. However, until such promising characteristics of graphene revealed what is called the “paper”, in other words, theoretical studies and experiments indicate the great possibilities of graphene, which has yet to be realized “in the gland.” However, the gap between theory and practice is gradually narrowed, including through research professor at the University of Illinois.
In this case we are talking about so-called nanobelts made it out of graphene – similar design, with a width of only tens of nanometers, in theory, are ideal for use as an ultra-fast channel transistors. But before you do “cut” of nanoribbons graphene sheet whose cells have a hexagonal structure. The most surprising is that the properties of the nanobelts is influenced not only by their width, but even the shape of its edge – if it is zigzag, this material has metallic properties. If it is necessary to achieve the semiconducting properties, you must create a structure with smooth edges.
end mechanism for changing the properties of graphene as a function of its forms is not yet understood. Initially, the graphene sheets have metallic properties (ie, are excellent conductor), but the width of the sheet is reduced to a few nanometers, a sharp change in the properties of the material, which was caused by the advent of so-called forbidden energy bands for electrons, turning the material into a semiconductor.
Achievement scholars is precisely to demonstrate the unique capabilities of graphene, but not in theory but in practice – to make graphene nanoribbons with different types of edges (zigzag and smooth) and measuring their properties, scientists have confirmed nearly theoretical hypotheses about the transformation of the graphene metal into a semiconductor.
– 26 GHz: a new record of graphene transistors IBM;
- A first look at postkremnievuyu electronics;
- From graphene created the thinnest in the world of the membrane. Source
